High cholesterol symptoms on eyes. How to treat it?

High cholesterol or also known as dyslipidemia is a medical condition where the fat level in the body is deranged. There are few types of cholesterol and not all cholesterol is bad. Low-density lipoprotein or known as LDL cholesterol is bad cholesterol, while high-density lipoprotein or HDL cholesterol is good cholesterol. Triglyceride is another form of fat in the human body that is also bad for the human body. A high level of good cholesterol is not a problem and is not a disease. If we have a high level of LDL cholesterol or triglyceride, then that is a problem. Dyslipidemia is a disorder related to fat and not only cholesterol. There are two causes of dyslipidemia. The primary cause of dyslipidemia is due to an error in fat metabolism and this is related to genetics. Secondary causes of dyslipidemia are related to other diseases or risk factors. Some features may give us a clue that we are suffering from high cholesterol and this is known as signs of high cholesterol. Understanding the signs and symptoms of high cholesterol is important in diagnosing this condition.

The clinical features of dyslipidemia are:

Corneal arcus
Corneal opacification
Changes in retina
Tendinous xanthomas
Eruptive xanthomas
Tuberous xanthomas
Planar xanthomas

Corneal arcus, corneal opacification, and changes in the retina are clinical features of high cholesterol in the eyes. The changes in eyes rarely cause visual impairment, hence, the treatment is focussing to reduce and prevent other complications like stroke and heart disease. The changes in the eyes do not require treatment or modification. Other than eye manifestations, this disease may cause the development of xanthomas. Xanthomas are skin changes due to dyslipidemia.

Primary causes of dyslipidemia are:

Familial hypercholesterolemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Inherited disorders other than familial hypercholesterolemia

Secondary causes of dyslipidemia are:

Diabetes mellitus
Nephrotic syndrome
Liver disease
Chronic kidney disease
Smoking
Hypothyroidism
Obesity
Excessive alcohol consumption
Certain medications

Health screening is very important in ensuring that you are healthy and free from any disease. Not all individuals with high cholesterol required medications. You can start modifying your lifestyle to reduce and control your cholesterol level at an optimum level by:

Exercise regularly
Consume a healthy and balanced diet
Quit smoking
Minimize or stop consuming alcohol
Go for regular health screening
Manage your stress well

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a condition related to genetics that is characterized by excessive fat production in the body. This condition is mainly treated with statins. Statins are lipid or fat lowering agents. Dyslipidemia is harmful as it may cause life-threatening complications like heart attack and stroke. The symptoms and signs of heart related disease are:

Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Weakness
Fatigue
Increased jugular venous pressure
Swollen limbs or peripheries
Abnormal heart sound

The examinations to confirm the diagnosis of heart disease is:

ECG and ECG stress test
Blood studies of cholesterol level and cardiac biomarkers test
Chest x-ray
Cardiac angiography
Echocardiography

Stroke is one of the causes of disability among our people. Stroke, on the other hand, is a condition where the blood vessels of your brain got blocked. The key element to prevent this disease is by preventing blood clot formation within the blood vessels. Stroke has many negative consequences. This disease will affect various body systems. So, visit a hospital. When someone is confirmed to have a stroke attack, treatment is given accordingly. The treatment and management are: